Surfacing Weld Symbol
How to read the surfacing weld symbol — the wavy line (three arcs) that always goes below the reference line. Hardfacing, buildup, cladding, and D1.1 repair applications.
Surfacing Weld Symbol Dimensions
Per AWS A2.4 §15, surfacing deposits weld metal on a surface — not between two members. It is the only common weld symbol that never appears above the reference line.
Buildup Thickness
Shown to the LEFT of the symbol. When omitted, thickness is not critical — the deposited amount is at the welder's discretion per the WPS.
Extent
When the surfacing covers only part of the surface, the extent is shown on the drawing with dimension lines or hatching. The symbol itself does not carry length or width dimensions.
Multiple Layers
Multiple reference lines can specify multiple surfacing layers, each with its own thickness. The first reference line (closest to the arrow) is welded first.
Surfacing Weld Types
| Application | Purpose | Common Processes |
|---|---|---|
| Hardfacing | Wear resistance on contact surfaces | SMAW, FCAW with hardfacing wire |
| Buildup | Restore worn dimensions | SMAW, GMAW, SAW |
| Cladding | Corrosion resistance layer | SAW, ESW with stainless/Inconel |
| Dimensional correction | Correct fit-up during assembly | Per A2.4 §15.5 |
| D1.1 repair | Repair buildups per §7.25 | Same WPS as original weld |