AWS A2.4 §6.11 · Supplementary Symbol

Weld-All-Around Symbol

How to read the weld-all-around symbol — the open circle at the arrow junction that tells the welder to continue the weld around the entire joint periphery. When to use it, when pipe welds don't need it.

Weld-All-Around Symbol — Anatomy
5/16 circle at junction
Fillet weld-all-around
+ field weld flag
All-around + field weld
60° pipe: NO circle needed
Pipe weld — inherently all-around
Key rule: Per A2.4 §6.11.2, continuous circumferential welds on pipe do not require the weld-all-around symbol. The geometry itself implies full-perimeter welding. Use the symbol only when "all around" is not obvious from the joint.

Weld-All-Around Symbol Placement

The weld-all-around symbol is a supplementary symbol — it modifies another weld symbol rather than standing alone. It is always a small open circle placed at the junction where the arrow meets the reference line.

What It Specifies

Extent only. The circle means "weld the entire joint periphery continuously." It does not specify weld type, size, or process. Those come from the primary weld symbol on the reference line (fillet, groove, etc.).

Where It Sits

At the arrow-reference line junction — the exact point where the arrow line meets the reference line. Not midway along the reference line and not at the tail end. This is the same location where the field weld flag sits.

Combining with Field Weld

The weld-all-around circle and the field weld flag can appear at the same junction simultaneously. The flag sits above the junction while the circle surrounds it. This combination means: weld the entire periphery, and do it in the field.

Common misuse: Applying the weld-all-around symbol to pipe-to-pipe circumferential welds. Per A2.4 §6.11.2, these don't need it — the geometry already implies full-perimeter welding. Use it for tube-to-plate, gusset-to-beam, and similar joints where "all around" is ambiguous.

Where Weld-All-Around Is Used

The weld-all-around symbol appears on joints where the weld must trace the complete perimeter of a connection. Common structural applications include:

Application Typical Weld Type Notes
Tube-to-plate Fillet (most common) or groove HSS columns to base plates, handrail posts
Gusset plates Fillet weld around perimeter Bracing connections, stiffener plates
Pipe penetrations Fillet or groove on reinforcement plate Reinforcement ring around pipe through plate
Cope reinforcement Fillet weld around cope edge Beam web cope holes in seismic connections
Seal welds Fillet or groove for leak-tight closure Tank nozzles, pressure boundary penetrations
Inspection note: Each segment of a weld-all-around joint must still meet the prequalified joint details per D1.1 Figure 5.1–5.3. The symbol specifies extent, but acceptance criteria apply at every point along the weld path.

Weld-All-Around Symbol FAQ

What does the weld-all-around symbol mean?
The weld-all-around symbol is a small open circle placed at the junction of the arrow and reference line. It indicates the weld extends continuously around the entire joint periphery. The circle does not specify a weld type or size — those come from the accompanying weld symbol (fillet, groove, etc.) on the reference line. It only specifies extent: the full perimeter of the joint.
Do circumferential pipe welds need the weld-all-around symbol?
No. Per AWS A2.4 §6.11.2, continuous circumferential welds on pipe do not require the weld-all-around symbol. A groove weld symbol on a pipe joint is inherently understood to go all the way around. The weld-all-around symbol is for joints where 'all around' is not obvious from the geometry — tube-to-plate connections, gusset plates, and beam web cope reinforcements.
Where exactly is the weld-all-around circle placed?
The circle is placed at the intersection of the arrow line and the reference line — the junction point where the arrow meets the horizontal line. It is not placed midway along the reference line or at the tail end. This is the same junction point where the field weld flag sits. Both can appear together: the flag on top and the circle at the junction.
Can weld-all-around and field weld symbols appear together?
Yes. The weld-all-around circle and the field weld flag can both appear at the arrow-reference line junction simultaneously. This combination indicates a weld that extends continuously around the joint periphery and is to be performed in the field (at the erection site), not in the fabrication shop. This is common for column base plate connections and pipe penetration plates installed on-site.