AASHTO/AWS D1.5:2025 · Tabel 12.6/12.7 · Fraktur Kritis · H16

Preheat M270M Gr.345W — H16, Mid HI, 40–60 mm: 325°F

Persyaratan preheat fraktur kritis untuk M270M Gr.345W / M270 Gr.50W pada ketebalan 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in) dengan penunjukan hidrogen H16, sesuai AASHTO/AWS D1.5:2025, Kode Pengelasan Jembatan.

Berdasarkan AWS D1.5:2025 — setiap nilai dilacak ke pasal.

Preheat dan Interpass Minimum Fraktur Kritis
325°F / 160°C
Hidrogen H16 · masukan panas 2.0–2.8 kJ/mm · ketebalan 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in)
AASHTO/AWS D1.5M/D1.5:2025 Tabel 12.6/12.7
Penunjukan H16: bahan habis pakai mengendapkan ≤ 16 mL/100g hidrogen difusibel sesuai AWS A4.3. Hidrogen lebih rendah = preheat lebih rendah.
Alat referensi. Verifikasi terhadap edisi yang berlaku dan WPS yang disetujui Insinyur.

M270M Gr.345W / M270 Gr.50W

AASHTO M270M Gr.345W (M270 Gr.50W) is a weathering bridge steel with 345 MPa (50 ksi) yield that forms a protective oxide patina for unpainted bridge service. The copper-chromium-nickel alloying provides atmospheric corrosion resistance, eliminating lifetime repainting costs estimated at $15–25 per square foot per cycle. Weld filler must match the weathering composition (E8018-W2 or equivalent) for exposed joints. NFC preheat per Table 6.3 Group 1; FC per Tables 12.6/12.7 which carry higher preheat than the non-weathering grades.

Memahami Preheat FC untuk M270M Gr.345W / M270 Gr.50W

Weathering 345 MPa (50 ksi) bridge steel for unpainted service. Under D1.5 fracture-critical requirements (Clause 12), the combination of H16 hydrogen designation and this heat input band requires 325°F minimum preheat at 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in). Lower hydrogen levels (H4 < H8 < H16) allow lower preheat because less hydrogen enters the weld deposit. Similarly, higher heat input reduces preheat requirements because slower cooling rates give hydrogen more time to diffuse out.

Di Mana M270M Gr.345W / M270 Gr.50W Digunakan

Deployed in unpainted bridge plate girders across humid, coastal, and high-maintenance-cost environments. The weathering patina eliminates lifetime repainting cycles estimated at $15–25/sq ft per cycle. Weld filler must match the weathering composition (E8018-W2 or ER80S-G-W) for exposed joints to ensure the weld face develops the same protective oxide as the base metal. Conventional Gr.345W is being replaced by HPS345W in new designs due to superior weldability.

Kontrol Hidrogen H16 untuk M270M Gr.345W / M270 Gr.50W

Weathering Gr.345W (50W) at H16 is used for field splices when self-shielded FCAW is the only practical process due to wind exposure on elevated bridge erection. The significantly higher preheat at H16 — often 40–60°F above H4 — makes weather-window scheduling critical for winter field splice operations.

Mengapa Preheat Penting pada 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in)

Material from 40 to 65 mm (1-1/2 to 2-1/2 in) covers heavy girder flanges, thick splice plates, and main member plate. This is the critical thickness range for bridge fabrication — preheat reaches 65°C (150°F) for Group 1 and 80°C (175°F) for Group 2. FC preheat at this thickness can exceed 200°C (400°F) depending on hydrogen level and heat input.

M270M Gr.345W / M270 Gr.50W pada 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in)

Gr.345W (50W) at 40–65 mm covers girder flanges on medium-span unpainted bridges where the lifecycle cost of eliminating repainting outweighs the modest material premium. The higher-alloy chemistry for weathering resistance increases the carbon equivalent compared to plain Gr.345, which is why D1.5 assigns weathering grades to Tables 12.6/12.7 rather than 12.4/12.5 for FC preheat — a separate set of tables with generally higher preheat requirements reflecting the increased cracking susceptibility of the Cu-Cr-Ni alloying elements. Flange splice procedures must account for the weathering composition by matching filler metals to ensure consistent patina development across the weld face.

Preheat Lebih Tinggi pada Penunjukan H16

Bahan habis pakai H16 mengizinkan hingga 16 mL hidrogen difusibel per 100g — tingkat tertinggi yang diizinkan untuk pengelasan FC jembatan. Pada 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in) dengan masukan panas 2.0–2.8 kJ/mm, preheat 325°F (160°C) mengkompensasi potensi hidrogen yang lebih tinggi.

Baja Jembatan Lain pada H16 2.0–2.8 kJ/mm · 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in)

BajaTabelPreheat
M270M Gr.250 / M270 Gr.36A225°F (110°C)
M270M Gr.345 / M270 Gr.50A225°F (110°C)
M270M Gr.345S / M270 Gr.50SA225°F (110°C)
M270M HPS345W / M270 HPS50WB325°F (160°C)

Coba Kombinasi Berbeda

Gunakan Kalkulator Preheat Jembatan D1.5 untuk mencari baja AASHTO M270, tingkat hidrogen, dan kombinasi masukan panas. Lihat juga Kalkulator Preheat D1.1 untuk baja struktural.

Berapa preheat FC untuk M270M Gr.345W / M270 Gr.50W dengan H16 pada 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in)?
Untuk fraktur kritis M270M Gr.345W / M270 Gr.50W dilas dengan bahan habis pakai bertanda H16 pada ketebalan 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in) dan masukan panas 2.0–2.8 kJ/mm, preheat minimum adalah 325°F (160°C) sesuai D1.5 Tabel 12.6/12.7.
Apa perbedaan antara preheat FC dan NFC untuk M270M Gr.345W / M270 Gr.50W?
Preheat non-fraktur kritis (Tabel 6.3) adalah pencarian sederhana berdasarkan ketebalan. Preheat fraktur kritis (Tabel 12.4–12.8) menambahkan tingkat hidrogen dan masukan panas sebagai variabel, biasanya memerlukan preheat lebih tinggi.
Bagaimana masukan panas mempengaruhi preheat FC M270M Gr.345W / M270 Gr.50W?
Masukan panas lebih tinggi berarti laju pendinginan lebih lambat, memberikan hidrogen lebih banyak waktu untuk berdifusi keluar dari zona las. Pada 2.0–2.8 kJ/mm, preheat 325°F menyeimbangkan tingkat hidrogen dan laju pendinginan.
What preheat is needed for 50 mm thick bridge plate?
For non-fracture-critical: 65°C (150°F) for Group 1 grades, 80°C (175°F) for Group 2. For fracture-critical: consult Tables 12.4–12.8 based on the specific steel grade, hydrogen designator, and heat input. FC preheat at this thickness is typically 90–200°C (200–400°F) depending on those variables.

Data referensi D1.5:2025. Tidak berafiliasi dengan AWS atau AASHTO.