AASHTO/AWS D1.5:2025 · Tabel 12.4/12.5 · Fraktur Kritis · H4

Preheat M270M Gr.345S — H4, High HI, 40–60 mm: 150°F

Persyaratan preheat fraktur kritis untuk M270M Gr.345S / M270 Gr.50S pada ketebalan 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in) dengan penunjukan hidrogen H4, sesuai AASHTO/AWS D1.5:2025, Kode Pengelasan Jembatan.

Berdasarkan AWS D1.5:2025 — setiap nilai dilacak ke pasal.

Preheat dan Interpass Minimum Fraktur Kritis
150°F / 70°C
Hidrogen H4 · masukan panas > 2.8 kJ/mm · ketebalan 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in)
AASHTO/AWS D1.5M/D1.5:2025 Tabel 12.4/12.5
Penunjukan H4: bahan habis pakai mengendapkan ≤ 4 mL/100g hidrogen difusibel sesuai AWS A4.3. Hidrogen lebih rendah = preheat lebih rendah.
Alat referensi. Verifikasi terhadap edisi yang berlaku dan WPS yang disetujui Insinyur.

M270M Gr.345S / M270 Gr.50S

AASHTO M270M Gr.345S (M270 Gr.50S) is the structural shape variant of Gr.345, intended for rolled W-shapes and channels used in bridge framing. The "S" suffix indicates the shape-specific chemistry and mechanical property requirements. Used in cross-frame angles, diaphragm members, and built-up sections where rolled shapes are specified rather than plate. Preheat requirements match Gr.345 — Table 6.3 Group 1 for NFC, Tables 12.4/12.5 for FC applications.

Memahami Preheat FC untuk M270M Gr.345S / M270 Gr.50S

Shape-grade 345 MPa (50 ksi) steel for rolled bridge members. Under D1.5 fracture-critical requirements (Clause 12), the combination of H4 hydrogen designation and this heat input band requires 150°F minimum preheat at 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in). Lower hydrogen levels (H4 < H8 < H16) allow lower preheat because less hydrogen enters the weld deposit. Similarly, higher heat input reduces preheat requirements because slower cooling rates give hydrogen more time to diffuse out.

Di Mana M270M Gr.345S / M270 Gr.50S Digunakan

Used as rolled W-shapes and channels in bridge cross-frames, diaphragm members, and built-up sections. The "S" shape designation indicates procurement under AASHTO M270 with shape-specific chemistry and mandatory CVN testing. Common applications include WT sections for cross-frame members, MC channels for diaphragms, and W-shapes for floor beams on shorter spans. Weld details are primarily fillet welds at gusset connections and clip angles.

Kontrol Hidrogen H4 untuk M270M Gr.345S / M270 Gr.50S

Shape-grade Gr.345S (50S) benefits from H4 at gusset-to-shape connections where access for torch preheat is limited by flanges and stiffeners. The lower preheat achievable with H4 reduces the thermal management complexity in tight spaces typical of cross-frame subassemblies.

Mengapa Preheat Penting pada 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in)

Material from 40 to 65 mm (1-1/2 to 2-1/2 in) covers heavy girder flanges, thick splice plates, and main member plate. This is the critical thickness range for bridge fabrication — preheat reaches 65°C (150°F) for Group 1 and 80°C (175°F) for Group 2. FC preheat at this thickness can exceed 200°C (400°F) depending on hydrogen level and heat input.

M270M Gr.345S / M270 Gr.50S pada 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in)

Gr.345S (50S) shapes at 40–65 mm flange thickness are heavy built-up members — typically W14×426 or similar jumbo sections used as pier cap beams or transfer girders. The thick flanges of these shapes require full preheat per the heavy-section tier. Welding on thick rolled sections is complicated by residual stresses from rolling — preheat helps mitigate the cumulative effect of rolling residual stress plus welding shrinkage stress.

Bahan Habis Pakai Bersertifikat H4 untuk Pengelasan FC Jembatan

Penunjukan tambahan H4 menyertifikasi bahwa bahan habis pakai mengendapkan tidak lebih dari 4 mL hidrogen difusibel per 100g logam yang diendapkan. Untuk fraktur kritis M270M Gr.345S / M270 Gr.50S pada ketebalan 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in) dengan masukan panas > 2.8 kJ/mm, bahan habis pakai H4 mencapai preheat terendah 150°F (70°C) di tabel FC.

Baja Jembatan Lain pada H4 > 2.8 kJ/mm · 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in)

BajaTabelPreheat
M270M Gr.250 / M270 Gr.36A150°F (70°C)
M270M Gr.345W / M270 Gr.50WB250°F (120°C)
M270M HPS345W / M270 HPS50WB250°F (120°C)
M270M HPS485W / M270 HPS70WB250°F (120°C)

Coba Kombinasi Berbeda

Gunakan Kalkulator Preheat Jembatan D1.5 untuk mencari baja AASHTO M270, tingkat hidrogen, dan kombinasi masukan panas. Lihat juga Kalkulator Preheat D1.1 untuk baja struktural.

Berapa preheat FC untuk M270M Gr.345S / M270 Gr.50S dengan H4 pada 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in)?
Untuk fraktur kritis M270M Gr.345S / M270 Gr.50S dilas dengan bahan habis pakai bertanda H4 pada ketebalan 40–60 mm (1½–2½ in) dan masukan panas > 2.8 kJ/mm, preheat minimum adalah 150°F (70°C) sesuai D1.5 Tabel 12.4/12.5.
Apa perbedaan antara preheat FC dan NFC untuk M270M Gr.345S / M270 Gr.50S?
Preheat non-fraktur kritis (Tabel 6.3) adalah pencarian sederhana berdasarkan ketebalan. Preheat fraktur kritis (Tabel 12.4–12.8) menambahkan tingkat hidrogen dan masukan panas sebagai variabel, biasanya memerlukan preheat lebih tinggi.
Bagaimana masukan panas mempengaruhi preheat FC M270M Gr.345S / M270 Gr.50S?
Masukan panas lebih tinggi berarti laju pendinginan lebih lambat, memberikan hidrogen lebih banyak waktu untuk berdifusi keluar dari zona las. Pada > 2.8 kJ/mm, preheat 150°F menyeimbangkan tingkat hidrogen dan laju pendinginan.
What preheat is needed for 50 mm thick bridge plate?
For non-fracture-critical: 65°C (150°F) for Group 1 grades, 80°C (175°F) for Group 2. For fracture-critical: consult Tables 12.4–12.8 based on the specific steel grade, hydrogen designator, and heat input. FC preheat at this thickness is typically 90–200°C (200–400°F) depending on those variables.

Data referensi D1.5:2025. Tidak berafiliasi dengan AWS atau AASHTO.