AWS A2.4:2020 — Intermittent Fillet Welds

Stitch Weld Symbol

"Stitch weld" is a field term — AWS A2.4 calls it an intermittent fillet weld. No special symbol exists. The standard fillet weld triangle with length-pitch notation to the right is all that appears on the drawing.

Direct Answer
Stitch weld = intermittent fillet weld. AWS A2.4 does not define "stitch weld" — nor does AWS A3.0 (Standard Welding Terms and Definitions). The correct term is intermittent fillet weld. The symbol is a standard fillet weld triangle with length-pitch notation to the right: e.g., 3/16 2-6 means a 3/16 in fillet, 2 in segments, 6 in center-to-center pitch.

How to Read the Symbol

The intermittent fillet weld symbol uses the same right triangle as any fillet weld. The intermittent character is specified entirely by the notation to the right of the symbol. Per A2.4 §8.4.2, the pitch is specified to the right of the length dimension following a hyphen.

Length-Pitch Notation — Reading Example
3/16 2–6 weld size symbol length–pitch
Element Position Meaning Citation
3/16 Left of symbol Fillet weld leg size (3/16 in) §8.2.1
On reference line Fillet weld symbol — right triangle, vertical leg on left §6.3
2 Right of symbol Weld segment length (2 in) §8.3.1
6 After hyphen Center-to-center pitch (6 in) §8.4.1, §8.4.2

Pitch vs Unwelded Distance

The single most common misread on intermittent fillet weld symbols is treating the pitch number as the gap between welds. It is not.

Critical Distinction — A2.4 §8.4.1

Pitch = center-to-center distance between adjacent weld segments on one side of the joint.
Unwelded distance = pitch minus weld segment length.

For a 2-6 symbol: 2 in welds, 6 in pitch, 4 in unwelded distance between segments. AWS A2.4 does not use the word "gap" — pitch is the governing design parameter throughout the standard.

Notation Weld Length Pitch (c/c) Unwelded Distance
2-6 2 in 6 in 4 in
3-12 3 in 12 in 9 in
50-150 mm 50 mm 150 mm 100 mm

Chain vs Staggered Intermittent Fillet Welds

When intermittent fillet welds appear on both sides of a joint, they are either chain or staggered. The symbol tells you which.

Chain Intermittent
A2.4 §8.4.3

Segments on both sides of the joint are directly opposite each other. Symbols appear aligned on both sides of the reference line, per the general alignment rule in §6.2.3.1.

Staggered Intermittent
A2.4 §8.4.4

Segments on opposite sides are offset by half a pitch — symmetrically spaced on both sides of the joint. Symbols are staggered on the reference line. This is an explicit exception to the §6.2.3 alignment rules, stated in §6.2.3.1 and §6.2.3.2.

Staggered welds produce less concentrated heat input at any single cross-section, which can be beneficial for distortion control on thin plate. Chain welds are simpler to lay out and inspect. Neither is inherently superior — the drawing specifies which applies.

Maximum Pitch Requirements

D1.1:2025 §4.13.2 sets maximum longitudinal spacing for intermittent welds in built-up members. These limits prevent buckling between weld points. The governing limit depends on the member type.

Member Type Maximum Pitch Citation
Built-up plates — plate to component 24 × thinner plate thickness, max 12 in [300 mm] §4.13.2.1
Built-up — rolled shapes to rolled shapes 24 in [600 mm] §4.13.2.1
Compression members — outside plate Lesser of 12 in [300 mm] or t × 0.730√(E/Fy) §4.13.2.2
Weathering steel (unpainted, exposed) 14 × thinner plate thickness, max 7 in [180 mm] §4.13.2.3
Compression Member Note

The §4.13.2.2 limit for compression members is not a flat 12-inch cap. The governing limit is the lesser of 12 in or plate thickness times 0.730√(E/Fy). For A36 steel (Fy = 36 ksi, E = 29,000 ksi): 0.730√(29000/36) = 0.730 × 28.4 = 20.7 × t. The 12 in cap governs for thick plate; the formula governs for thin plate. Always calculate both and use the smaller value.

Stitch Weld Questions

What is a stitch weld?
Stitch weld is a field term with no formal AWS definition. The correct AWS A2.4 term is intermittent fillet weld — a fillet weld made with segments separated by unwelded spaces. There is no special stitch weld symbol; the standard fillet weld symbol is used with length-pitch notation to the right of the symbol, per A2.4 §8.4.2.
How do you read intermittent fillet weld dimensions?
The notation to the right of the fillet weld symbol uses length-pitch format (e.g., 2-6): 2-inch weld segments at 6-inch center-to-center pitch, per A2.4 §8.4.1–§8.4.2. The unwelded distance between segments is 4 inches (pitch minus length). The weld size appears to the left of the symbol as usual.
What is the difference between chain and staggered intermittent fillet welds?
Chain intermittent welds (§8.4.3): segments on both sides of the joint are directly opposite each other; symbols align on both sides of the reference line per §6.2.3.1. Staggered intermittent welds (§8.4.4): segments on opposite sides are offset by half a pitch; symbols are staggered on the reference line. Staggered is an explicit exception stated in §6.2.3.1 and §6.2.3.2.
What is the maximum pitch for intermittent fillet welds per D1.1?
Per D1.1:2025 §4.13.2.1, maximum pitch for built-up plate members is 24 times the thickness of the thinner plate, not exceeding 12 in. For two or more rolled shapes the limit is 24 in. For compression members (§4.13.2.2) the limit is the lesser of 12 in or plate thickness times 0.730√(E/Fy). For weathering steel (§4.13.2.3) maximum is 14 times thinner plate thickness, not exceeding 7 in.
Is pitch the same as gap on an intermittent fillet weld?
No. Pitch is the center-to-center distance between adjacent weld segments on one side of the joint, per A2.4 §8.4.1. The unwelded distance between segments equals pitch minus segment length. For a 2-6 notation: 2 in weld, 6 in pitch, 4 in unwelded distance. A2.4 does not use the term "gap" — pitch is the governing dimension for symbol reading and code compliance.